أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي
منتديات الأجيال التعليمية :: الملتقى الدراسي العام :: منتدى الامتحانات :: امتحانات الصف الثالث الثانوي
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أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي
من طرف حنين الصمت الأحد 19 مايو 2013, 8:38 pm
الدرس في شكل نص مقروء
أهم 100 سؤال فى مادة الكيمياء لغات - الجزء التاسع
Definitions
1- Vital force theory
All organic compounds are formed inside living cells by the effect of vital force
2- Molecular formula
The formula which shows the number and the kind of the atoms in the molecule.
3- Structural formula
The formula which shows the number and the kind of the atoms and also it shows
the type of linkage between atom in the molecule.
4- Isomersim
More than one compound have the same molecular formula but have different
structural formula ( so they have different physical and chemical properties
5- IUPAC system
A method used to give name of organic comound depends on the lonest chain of carbon
6- Detergent
A salt produced from the reaction between aromatic sulphonic acid and sodium hydroxide
7- Converted alcohol
Ethanol + methanol(poison )+ dye + water to be used as a fuel not as liquor
8- Hydrocarbons
Compound are made of hydrogen and carbon only
9- Homologous series
They have the same general formula,the same chemical p.and graduated in physical ones
10- Alkyl radical( R )
Organic group can't be found alone and has the formula CnH2n+1
11- Addition polymerization
Huge number of unsaturated small molecules are adding to form one very large molecule
12- Condensation
Two monomers combine together forming one molecule and losing simple molecule
13- Aryl radical( Ar ) ( phenyl)
Organic group ca be produce by removing hydrogen atom from benzene ring C6H5
14- Factional group
Group of atoms attached the compound and give it certain character
15- Glacial acetic acid:
Acetic acid freezes at 16oc forming solid substance similar to ice
16- Alpha amino acid :
Amino acid where amino group it attached to alpha carbon
17- Protein :
polymer of amino acid
18- Insuline :
protein made of 51 molecules of 16 amino acid and it mass is 6000
19- Fatty acids
saturated mono carboxylic aliphatic acids are called fatty
acids because most of them are found in fats as a form of ester with
glycerol.
Name of the reaction
1- Addition reaction:
adding atom-group to unsaturated compound
2- Elimination reaction:
reaction of methane with halogen in direct sunlight
3- Catalytic hydration reaction:
adding water in presence of catalyst
4- Thermal catalytic cracking
Big molecule inconverted into small molecules in presence of heat and catalyst
5- Oxidation reaction :
reaction with oxygen ( or removing hydrogen or losing electrons)
6- Substitution reaction :
atom of a compound is replaced by another
7- Friedel craft(Alkylation)
Alkayl group replaces hydrogen in benzene ring forming toluene
8- Bayer's reaction
Oidation of alkene in presence of alkaline KMnO4 to form hlycol
9- Hydrogenation of benzene:
bezene react with hydrogen forming cyclohexane
10- Halogenation of benzene:
benzene reacts with halogen(in direct – or indirect sunlight)
11- Markownikoff's rule:
On adding asymmetrical reagent to asymmetrical alkene the
positive part of the reagent is attached to carbon atom has big no. of
hydrogen
12- Biological method:
Oxidation of dil solution of ethanol by atmospheric oxygen in presence of vinegar bacteria
13- Alcoholic fermentation:
Alcoholic fermentation of starch or sugar adding yeast to form ethanol
14- Nitration of benzene
Nitro group replaces hydrogen
15- Sulphonation of benzene
Sulphonium group replaces hydrogen
16- Ester formation
Reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol
17- Catalytic reforming
Normal hexane is converted into benzene in presence of heat and catalyst
18- Alkaline hydrolysis
Heting alkyli halide in presence of alkali to form alcohol
19- Acidity test
Reaction of acid with carbonate or bicarbonate to form salt,water and carbon dioxide
Give reason
13- Cyclopropane is more reactive than normal propane
14- D.D.T is not used now as insecticide in many countries
15- Poly chloro diphenyl is used as insulator for fires
16- Ethyne gas is passed in copper sulphate solution before collecting
17- Oxyacetylene flame is used in cutten and welding metals
18- Nitration of chloro benzene gives two products while chloronation of nitrobenzene gives one product
19- Sometimes ethyne burns with a smoky flame
20- Halothane is preferred than chloroform as anesthetic substance
21- Cigarette smoke has harmful effects on human health
22- Phenol does not react with hydrogen chloride while ethanol reacts.
23- Cone. sulphuric acid is added in ester formation and nitration
24- Bakelite is used in the manufacture of electric instruments
25- Boiling point of glycerol is higher than that of ethylene glycol
26- Alkyl iodide is preferred than alkyl chloride in the preparation of alcohols
27- Reaction of ethanol with H2S04 is temperature dependent
28- Benzoic acid is monobasic whereas oxalic acid is a dibasic one
29- Ethanol can be considered as a petrochemical compound
30- The boiling points of acids are higher than those of corresponding alcohols .
31- Methane and ethane do not give addition reactions.
32- Using soda lime in preparing methane is preferred than caustic soda
33- In butagase mixture the ratio of butane is more than propane in hot countries
34- Alkenes are characterized by their ability to form polymers by additions.
35- Polymerization of ethane takes place in presence of peroxides
36- Taflon is used in manufacture of surgical threads.
37- Taflon is used in manufacture of cooking utensils .
38- Structure of benzene takes several years
39- Saturated mono carboxylic aliphatic acids are called fatty acids
Answer
13- The angle between bonds in C3H6 and C4H8 are less than 109o
this lead to weak overlap between atomic orbitals so the bond between
carbon atoms is weak so they are active
14- It has bad effect on environment (plant-animal- man)
15- It is more stable up to 800 oC
16- To get rid of impurities such ad H2S –PH3
17- It burns giving 3000 oC
18- Nitration of chloro benzene gives otho and para nitrochloro benzene
while chloronation of nitrobenzene gives metachloro nitrobenzene
19- In limited amount of oxygen it gives carbon (smoke)
20- Halothane is more safty than chloroform which causes death with incorrect dose
21- Due to presence of benzopyrine which causes cancer
22- Phenol has acidic effect while ethanol is neutral
23- To absorb water and prevent reversible reaction
24- It is insulator for electricity
25- It has more hydroxyl group
26- It has big radius and small bond easily to be broken
27- It gives different results in different temperatures
28- Benzoic acid has one COOH while oxalic acid has two
29- We can get it from petroleum product ( Ethene)
30- 2 molecules of acids have 2 hydrogen bomd while in alcohols have one
31- They are saturated compounds
32- Soda lime contains CaO which reduces the melting point
33- Butane less volatile than propane
34- Due to the presence of double bond
35- Peroxides act as initaior for the reaction
36- Taflon is ineret
37- Taflon non stic substance
38- It reacts by substitution , addition and its bonds in between double and single bond
39- because most of them are found in fats as a form of ester with glycerol
Preparation
1) Methane
CH3COONa + NaOH H4 + Na2CO3
2) Ethene(ethylene)
C2H5OH H2SO4-180 C C2H4 + H2O
3) Ethyne(acetylene)
CaC2 + 2H2O C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
4) Benzene
a) From normal hexane: ( catalytic reforming)
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 pt + 4H2
Hexane benzene
b) Polymerization of ethyne
3C2H2 Red hot nickel tube
c) From phenol:
OH
+ Zn heat + ZnO
Phenol benzene
COONa
+ NaOH Cao + heat + Na2CO3
Sod. benzoate
5) Ethyl alchohol
C12H22O11 + H2O hydrolysis C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
Sucrose glycose fructose
C6H12O6 zymase enzyme(yeast) 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Ethanol
Petroleum product cracking CH2=CH2 H2SO4 C2H5OH
+ H2O
C2H5Br + KOH C2H5OH + HBr
6) Isopropyl alcohol
Br OH
CH3-C—CH3 + KOH H2SO4 CH3-C—CH3 + KBr
H H
2 bromopropane 2 propanol
7) Tertiary butyl alcohol
CH3 CH3
CH3—C –Br + KOH Heat CH3—C—OH + KBr
CH3 CH3
tert.butyl bromide tert. butanol
Ethylene glycol CH2=CH2 + H2O + [O] KMnO4 CH2—CH2
alkaline medium OH OH
Ethylene glycol
9) Phenol
Cl OH
+ NaOH 300 C- 300 atm.p + NaCl
10) Acetic acid
C2H5OH + O2 vinegar bacteria CH3COOH + H2O
Ethyl alcohol Acetic acid
HC=CH + H2O H2SO4(40%) CH3CHO [O] CH3COOH
11) Benzoic acid
CH3 COOH
2 + 3O2 V2O5 2 + 2H2O
حنين الصمت- مدير عام المنتدى
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عدد المساهمات : 5102
نقاط : 29201
تاريخ التسجيل : 08/09/2011
منتديات الأجيال التعليمية :: الملتقى الدراسي العام :: منتدى الامتحانات :: امتحانات الصف الثالث الثانوي
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